G8 Summit ended with pledge to support growth and Greece

The four day G8 Summit closed out at Camp Davis on Saturday with world leaders coming down in support of growth and saving Greece from the current financial crisis. At the same time, the leaders of the world put the onus on their European counterparts to deal with the financial turmoil before it starts hurting the rest of the world economy.

British PM David Cameron called for “decisive action” and “contingency plan” to combat and tackle the eurozone crisis. He also delicately prodded that the European Central Bank (ECB) should consider printing notes to revive demand in the single currency block.

US President Barack Obama, the host of the Camp Davis Summit, called upon the leaders of France, Germany and Italy to resolve the crisis through restoring public finances and encouraging stimulus. Keeping an eye on his re-election chances, President Obama proposed “stimulus” for job-creating infrastructures, and balancing it with “reforms” in order to address debts and deficits.

Lastly, in order to address the political and economic upheaval in Greece, the leaders of the G8 nations also reaffirmed their interest in keeping Greece within the euro zone. Though, they didn’t propose any solution to tackle the turmoil in Greece.

Obama joins French President Hollande to back growth

While welcoming G8 leaders at Camp Davis on Friday, President Obama has hoped that the world leaders would find a solution to eurozone crisis that would be a pragmatic mix of “fiscal consolidation” and “strong growth agenda”. He also stressed upon the importance of Europe and its strong hold on American economy and the need to put Europe back on the growth path. With Europe already bracing for possible Greek exit, Obama’s take on “growth” is expected to divide the house into two and set the ball rolling for more heated debates.

It seems that French President Francois Hollande’s pro-growth policies have found an echo in his American counterpart, Barack Obama. In aligning with growth, Obama is believed to have distanced himself from Angela Merkel-backed austerity program.

Obama’s view reflects the growing fear of eurozone financial crisis and its cascading effects on other parts of the world. This has the potential to hurt the slowly recovering US economy also Obama’s re-election chance. It is believed that  the four day Camp David summit would be the ultimate testing ground for international diplomats not only to iron out their differences, but also to find a viable solution to euro zone crisis that has threatened to plague the entire financial world.

IMF Chief Lagarde cautions against Greek exit fallout

Following Greek President Carolos Papoulias's decision to nominate a judge as the head of the interim government, the chief of International Monetary Fund (IMF) until the upcoming election, Christine Lagarde, called on prominent Greek leaders to show their commitment to stay with the euro zone on Wednesday. She stressed on the importance of sticking to the bailout agreement – not just for Greece’s own financial and political security but also for the entire euro zone. She also pointed out the possible consequences of such exit – which would be “hard and expensive, and not just for Greece”. Greece is set for a repeat general election on June 17.

What is adding to the fear and speculation in Europe is the rising popularity of political parties in Greece who are against European Union-IMF bailout deal. In the event that an anti-bailout party comes to power following the election, there is a chance that the bail-out deal might come apart and Greece would exit from euro zone.  There is also a fear of its cascading effect on other bigger but vulnerable economies in Europe, especially Spain and Italy.

Top EU officials have already warned Greece that complying with the terms of the bailout package is mandatory in order to receive international monetary aid.

Hopes dashed as Greece failed to form unity government

Despite President Carolos Papoulias’ repeated attempts to save Greece from further chaos, the front-line party heads have failed to form coalition government. This has happened as a result of the failure of the political parties to reach a consensus on the controversial Greece bail-out deal.

The meeting held at the Presidential mansion on Sunday was attended by three of the most prominent Greek leaders. They were the conservative leader Antonis Samaras, the extreme leftist Syriza chief Alexis Tsipras and the socialist Pasok leader Evangelos Venizelos.

The talk which was aimed at ironing out differences between major political parties on fiscal pact, soon reached an impasse as leaders started blaming each other on the highly controversial bailout agreement and stiff spending cuts. While, the 37-year old Alexis Tsipras riding high on ‘anti-austerity wave’ clearly and completely rejected any negotiations with pro-bailout leaders, Conservative leader Antonis Samaras accused Tsipras for the current standoff. It has also been reported that Tsipras has given the assurance of pulling out of the bail-out deal without giving up Euro.

As per the latest news, the President of Greece is expected to hold another round of fresh talks with the political parties on Monday. Though only a slim chance remains, but if Greece succeeds to form a new government before the Thursday deadline, it might be able to avoid a repeat election and, perhaps, stay in the euro zone.

ECB infuses $639 billion fresh credit into European banking system

In an unprecedented move on Wednesday, the European Central Bank (ECB) has made available fresh credit worth approximately $639 billion (equivalent to €489.191 billion) for a period of three years at, unbelievably low, one percent interest. The figure has surpassed economists’ expectation by around $231 billion. By providing cheap loans, ECB is trying to address the issue of “long-term refinancing operation” of European banks (due on first quarter of 2012) and liquidity crisis in the market.

The $639 billion credit aid is considered as the biggest loan given by the European Central Bank in 13 years since the introduction of ‘Euro’ as the shared currency. It is believed that with the availability of cheap loans, banks in Europe might be able to avoid the impending recession. Approximately 500 European banks have applied for long-term loans on Wednesday. Among these are banks of France and Spanish banks.

It is hoped that the availability of cheap loans (at one percent interest) from ECB may spike up interest to buy government securities (bonds), which could bring down governments’ borrowing cost. Or, it may drive commercial banks to invest part of their fund in private sector, which could spur sustainable economic growth in Europe. But whichever options they may take, ECB hopes that, such an action would boost up profit for the banks, initiate growth and ease up the debt crisis in Europe.

Is Europe NOT in sync with EU treaty change?

Despite repeated assurance from Angela Markel, German chancellor, tension over change in EU deal is brewing up in euro zone. So far, Markel has succeeded in securing agreement from 26 member EU nations. But there are still four nations who have to give their consent to the deal. They have taken time to reconsider the wider implications of the treaty change vis-à-vis their respective countries. Governments of the four states that include Hungary, Denmark, the Czech Republic and Finland are currently going over the details of the treaty with their parliaments before making their decision final. Britain has already withdrawn from the proposed EU pact.

Markets on Wednesday have reacted negatively despite Europe’s brave claim to present ‘fiscal union.’ For the first time since January this year, Wednesday saw Euro hit a record low, below $1.30. This has further spiked up the rate of Italian government bonds, which would mean further increase in borrowing cost for the Italian government already spiraling under debt crisis.

The European Central Bank is facing increased pressure from euro zone nations, reeling under debt crisis, to step in and buy their sovereign bonds. But the head of the central bank of Germany, Jens Weidmann, has rebuffed their attempts to misuse European Central Bank’s fund in this way. Weidmann further stated that instead of looking up to European Central Bank for help, nations should step up reform measures to address their fiscal deficit.

Angela Merkel is optimistic that the new Euro deal would be ready by March. But what the world really wants to know is whether the new deal has what it takes to address the financial crisis of euro zone? Secondly, even if Europe manages to come out of the crisis, will it ever be the same again?

Europe braces against the prospect of credit crunch deepening

Prospect of credit crunch deepens in Europe as markets witnessed massive selling of European government bonds by financial institutions around the globe. Such was the fear that not only new bond issues were shown the doors, but short term loans to reputed European banks were also cancelled.

Low investors’ confidence on European government bonds is believed to be linked with little information about the actual credit status of European banks and the way they are handled. Already Asian investors have started pulling out from European markets. Even Rabobank with AAA-credit rating, considered among the best European banks, had his loan cancelled by American institution, Vanguard.

On Friday, Mario Draghi, the newly appointed president of European Central Bank, has urged the countries affected by debit crisis to come to their own rescue instead of depending on the central bank.

It is feared that if selling pressure continues, higher borrowing costs, more cost cutting and slower growth would plague wider Europe. Euro zone banks are already in deep crisis trying to meet the rising borrowing costs. This is despite half a trillion cash inflow (in Euro currency) in debt from the European Central Bank. But this has little effect on the negative growth story in Europe so far. Already German bonds and Swedish bonds have started showing weakness. They are not strong as they used to be. Though they still are a safer bet than other European bonds – French, Spanish or Italian bonds.

Italy’s Mario Monti proposes big plan for reform and growth

After coming to power on Wednesday, Mario Monti’s new government on Thursday made public its plan to bring in stringent reforms to turn around country’s economy. The highlights of the measures proposed by the new Italian PM are ¬– budget cut, revenue hike, change in labor law and pension system and bringing down tax evasion.

From what appears to be a major shift since ex Italian Premier Silvio Berlusconi’s departure, the present Italian government has made its priorities clear and its intention sincere. Italy is not afraid to take on the challenge posed by debt crisis. Mario Monti urged that how fast and successfully Italy can come out of debt crisis would also have a positive and significant bearing on ‘Euro’ and the Euro zone. For that Italy needs to act fast and push for sweeping changes. Monti, the ex- EU commissioner, said that he is counting on the European Union to lend support to Italy.

On Thursday's confidence vote, the Italian Prime Minister has got thumping victory from his Senate. He is set for another confidence vote on Friday.

Greece chooses Lucas Papademos as the new Prime Minister

Finally after days of eager anticipation, Greece has found its new interim Premier in the form of Lucas Papademos on Friday. Papademos, a much respected economist and also an ex- European Central Bank vice president is the new head of the interim three-party coalition government, the national unity government. He has replaced George Papandreou, leader of the Socialist party, Pasok. The new government is expected to push through the long-awaited tough austerity measures and steer the country away from the massive debt crisis.

The swearing-in ceremony was graced by the President of Greece Karolos Papoulias and spiritual head of the Greek Orthodox Church, Archbishop leyronymos. In the new 48-member cabinet are Evangelos Venizelos, who retains his finance minister portfolio, and Stavros Dimas, as the new foreign minister. Dimitris Avramopoulos holds the post of both defence minister and New Democracy law maker.

To retain its Euro zone membership, Greece under the leadership of Lucas Papademos has some toughest measures to take to deal with the ongoing debt crisis. Foremost are; implementation of tougher austerity measures, securing the release of the next installment (8 billion Euros aid) as per 2010 agreement, getting the sanction of 130 billion Euros rescue package and the sanction of 2012 budget (considered to be the toughest one) by the parliament.

European debt crisis threat as Italian Bonds touches new high

The fear of European debt crisis became more pronouned on Wednesday as Italian government bond spiked to a new high of 7 percent plus. Italian market tumbled in the afternoon as bonds breached the important threshold of 7 percent, triggered by the fear that EU has no rescue plan for Italy. This had a spiraling effect on other world markets, including Asian markets on early Thursday.

Italy, a core Euro zone member and the 8th largest world economy, is the world’s third largest bond market. Its debt amounts to a huge 2.6 trillion Euros – considered too much to be absorbed by EU.

German chancellor, Angela Merkel, warned that unless concrete and quick structural reforms take place to cut cost, it could result in collapse of the Euro currency. Angela Merkel has also demanded changes in the EU treaties.

The European Central Bank has bought, until recently, large chunks of Italian bonds to cut back its borrowing cost. But it is unlikely that the bank will be willing to buy any more after the new high.

As the resignation of Italian Prime Minister, Silvio Berlusconi, is still a month away, investors confidence has gone southward. Experts feel that Wednesday’s market reaction is not because of its poor fundamentals but because of fear of instability triggered by lack of decisive action on the part of Italian Premier.